Abstract: Civil confiscation is a sanction upon property（in rem) instead of person. The confiscated property is in a specialcategory, proceeds of crime. Civil confiscation can be implemented without the existence of criminal case. Even the de-fendant is dead or fugitive, or the offender is not identified yet, civil confiscation can still be implemented. Civil confis-cation complies with the principal of “person who claim should provide evidence” in civil proceeding. The principal re-quires that those who claim legitimate right on the property should assume the burden of providing evidences. The deci-sion on whether the related property be confiscated should be made in accordance with preponderance of the evidence.Taking foreign civil confiscation system and related experience as reference, we should establish, as soon as possible, ourown independent confiscation system for proceeds of crime.

Key words: Civil Confiscation, Property Confiscation, Mutual Legal Assistance, Proceeds of Crime

摘要： 民事没收是一种对物不对人的制裁措施，它所针对的是一类特殊的财物，即犯罪收益。民事没收可以在没有刑事案件的情况下没收财产，即便被告人已经死亡或者在逃，甚至即便还不知晓谁实施了违法行为。民事没收适用民事诉讼的“谁主张谁举证”原则，要求那些声称对财物享有合法权利的人员承担相应的证明责任，并且只要求法官“根据优势证据”的标准证明裁断有关财产是否应被没收。我国应当借鉴外国的民事没收制度以及相关的成功经验，尽快建立针对犯罪所得或者违法行为收益的、独立的财产没收制度。