Abstract: Based on the analysis of the Yiwu regulations, the essence of the“separation of three rights”of the homestead is that after the collective members have transferred rural housing across the collective, the right to use the homestead following the transfer within the limits of the homestead, which is equivalent to the area, has no fixed term limit, and does not have to pay the user fee to the collective.At the same time, the right to use the homestead is transferred as a whole according to the“integration of housing and land”.The reconfiguration is updated to the right of use.Qualification right is mainly limited to the transfer right, priority transfer right, grant right and inheritance right of the right to use the homestead, even the right to apply for resettlement such as public rental housing, which is caused by the specific reason of cross-collective transfer of rural housing.Qualification right is different from homestead allocation claim right, but both belong to sub-rights of membership right.The subjects of the right of qualification and the right of use are members of the collective and non-members of the collective within a certain range.The right to use is similar to the right to use the construction land of state-owned residential buildings after the system structure of subject definition, time limit, fee payment, power enrichment and real right registration.It is the usufructuary right of real estate, not the new usufructuary right of the right to use residential land.

Key words: Homestead, Collective Members, Separation of Three Rights, Qualification Rights, Right to Use

摘要： 基于对义乌规则的剖析，宅基地“三权分置”的实质是本集体成员将农村住房跨集体转让后，产生继受与宅基地限额内转让的面积相当的、没有固定期限限制且无须向集体缴纳使用费之宅基地使用权的资格权，同时宅基地使用权根据“房地一体”整体让渡，并经重构更新为使用权。资格权主要限于农村住房跨集体转让这一特定原因催生的宅基地使用权的受让权、优先受让权、接受赠与权和继承权，甚至包括公租房等安置的申请权；资格权不同于宅基地分配请求权，但两者同属成员权的子权利。资格权与使用权的主体分别为本集体成员和一定范围内的非本集体成员。使用权经主体界定、期限限制、费用缴纳、权能充实、物权登记等系统构造后，类似于国有住宅建设用地使用权，是不动产用益物权，而非宅基地使用权上新设权利用益物权。

关键词: 宅基地, 集体成员, 三权分置, 资格权, 使用权