摘要：

智能合约是一种通过区块链才能实现的新技术，在技术上是一种可编程的代码程序，在法律上是一种特殊的身份合同。其藉由特定当事人之间形成的共识机制，实现了对当事人身份的识别，促成了智能合约难以逆转的自动执行，并在事实上排除了当事人的合同撤销权，成为跨越合同订立、合同履行两个领域的新型交易机制。智能合约对传统合同法理论带来了巨大冲击和挑战，却不足以支撑“技术自治”或“代码即法律”等学术主张，也不足以否定实定法对智能合约的正当干预。在现行合同法框架下，仍然存在对智能合约及交易作出妥当解释的空间。除此以外，在智能合约的私法构造中，应当引入团体法思想，认可社团主义的自治机能，构建以“信赖保护”为核心的救济机制，实现法律与技术的同步发展。

关键词: 智能合约, 身份合同, 自治联合体, 信赖保护

Abstract:

Smart contracts are computer protocols intended to digitally facilitate，verify，or enforce the negotiation or performance of contracts.Smart contracts allow the performance of credible transactions without third parties.The aim of smart contracts is to provide security that is superior to traditional contract law and to reduce other transaction costs associated with contracting.From the perspective of private law，considering the high dependency among members of smart contracts，the nature of smart contracts is similar to the status contracts.Smart contracts have become a new transaction type which is a combination of contract conclusions and contract performances.Smart contracts have caused a huge impact on the traditional contract law theories，but this is not enough to deny the legitimacy of private law remedy for smart contracts.By constructing the framework of private law remedy which is focused on the reliance interests protection，the synchronous development of law and technology will be promoted finally.

Key words: Smart Contract, Status Contract, Corporatism, Reliance Interests Protection