摘要：

农村土地承包关系是集体组织与承包农户因土地承包合同而形成的法律关系，以土地承包权为核心，表现为新《农村土地承包法》上专属于集体成员的土地承包经营权，其从本质上反映了集体成员对集体土地所有权的分割，是集体土地所有制和双层经营体制的法律实现方式。土地承包经营权的互换、转让和自愿交回是集体农户自主调整承包关系的法律机制，其本质是土地承包关系的自我调适，属于农村土地承包关系完善的制度范畴，与集体组织主导的调整制度不同，也区别于土地经营权的自由流转。新《农村土地承包法》对土地承包关系自主调整与土地经营权流转进行了科学区分，凸显了前者的法律地位，但在体系建构上仍有完善空间。

关键词: 土地承包关系, 自主调整机制, 内涵界定, 体系完善

Abstract:

Rural land contracting relationship is the legal relationship formed by collective organizations and contracted peasant households as a result of land contracting contract.The core content of this relationship is land contracting right，which is embodied in the land contractual management right of collective peasant households in the Rural Land Contract Law of 2018.It essentially reflects the division of collective land ownership by collective members，and it is the legal realization of collective land ownership and double-level management.The system of exchange，transfer and voluntary return of contracted land is the legal mechanism for collective farmers to adjust the contractual relationship independently.Its essence is the self-adjustment of the contractual relationship of land，which belongs to the system category of perfecting the contractual relationship of rural land.It is different from the adjustment system dominated by collective organization and is also distinguished from the free transfer of the right of land management.The 2018 Rural Land Contract Law makes a scientific distinction between the independent adjustment of land contracting relationship and the transfer of land management right，highlighting the legal status of the former.However，from the perspective of system construction，there is still room for improvement，which needs to be paid attention to by the civil code.

Key words: Land Contract Relationship, Self-adjustment Mechanism, Connotation Definition, System Improvement