摘要：

《民法典》第410条规定了抵押权实现的要件、方式和具体程序。抵押权的实现要件包括：抵押权存在、债务人不履行到期债务或发生当事人约定的实现抵押权的情形、抵押权的实现不存在法律上的障碍。抵押权的实现方法主要表现为折价、拍卖和变卖，《农村土地承包法》第47条第3款关于抵押权人可就经营权优先受偿的规定发挥着强制管理这一实现方式的功能。抵押权人有权自主选择抵押权的实现方式，既可通过约定的方式实现抵押权，亦可通过非讼程序实现，通过非讼程序实现抵押权并不意味着应将抵押权实现程序中的抵押权限定为不动产抵押权。在通过协议方式实现抵押权时，若当事人对抵押物价格约定过低以致损害其他债权人利益，其他债权人可在除斥期间内行使撤销权。在其他债权人行使撤销权的问题上，可类推适用合同编中关于债权人撤销权的相关规范予以解决。在与恶意串通的民事法律行为无效制度的衔接上，基于简化法律适用的考量，应排除恶意串通的民事法律行为无效规则的适用。

关键词:  

Abstract: Article 410 of the Civil Code stipulates the requirements，methods and specific procedures for the enforcement of the mortgage. The enforcement of the mortgage must meet the requirements that the mortgage exists，the debtor fails to perform his obligation due or an event upon the occurrence of which a mortgage is to be enforced as agreed upon by the parties occurs，and the enforcement of the mortgage has no legal obstacles. The enforcement methods of the mortgage include appraisal，auction and sale of the mortgaged property. Article 47(3) of the Law on Land Contract in Rural Areas which stipulates that the mortgagee can give priority to compensation for the management right，plays the function of compulsory management. The mortgagee can choose the enforcement methods either by agreement or by non-litigation procedure. Enforcing the mortgage through non-litigation procedure does not mean that the mortgage in the enforcement procedures should be defined as real estate mortgage. The other creditors can exercise the right to rescind in the scheduled period in the case where the agreed price is so low that the other creditor’s right is infringed when enforcing the mortgage by agreement. On the issue of other creditors exercising the right to rescind，it can be solved by analogy with the rules of the creditor’s right to revocation in the Contracts Book of the Civil Code. As for the relationship between the malicious conspiracy and article 410，based on the simplification of law application，the application of malicious conspiracy rule should be excluded.

Key words: Mortgage, Enforcement by Agreement, Right to Rescind, Non-litigation Procedure