摘要： 土地股份合作，实质上是在坚持现行农地集体所有不变，坚持农村土地家庭承包经营制度不变的前提下，将农地产权的占有、使用、收益和处分各项权能重新配置的制度创新。本文从保护和实现农民基本权利的视角，通过对扬州市部分典型案例的调研，对农村土地股份合作的必要性、组织性质、运行特征、相关原则、发展要求和法律支持进行分析，对推进农村土地股份合作的法律保障和制度创新提出一系列建议，即“保留土地集体所有权维护农民土地承包权放活土地经营权”期能有助于推动农地制度改革和农民土地权益保护，推进新形势下三农问题的解决。

关键词: 农地产权 , 农民权利 , 土地股份合作 , 制度创新 , 三农问题

Abstract: Agricultural land joint-stock system refers to the innovative measures in accordance with the agricultural household contract system． It re-allocates the right of occupation， usufruct， harvest and disposal． The thesis researches the typical cases happening in Yangzhou and analyzes the agricultural land joint-stock system． It deeply analyzes the following important factors， namely， its necessity， organization quality， functioning features， relevant principles， developing requirements and law support． Moreover it offers some useful advice to promote the system． So it can further the reform of agricultural land system and protect the farmer' s land property to solve the problems of“agriculture， countryside and farmer”

Key words: agricultural land property； farmer&rsquo, s right； system innovation； the problems of agriculture； countryside and farmer