摘要： 我国反垄断法的私人实施面临受害人数众多，原告资格难以确认，被告违法行为难以证明，损害赔偿数额难以计算等诸多难题，而竞争文化的缺失，法律工具主义的流行，可能使私人实施反垄断法变得更为困难。将反垄断诉讼之原告限定为直接受违法行为影响的人，以反垄断执法机关或法院作出了被告违法的有效决定或判决作为受理案件的条件，实行因果关系推定原则，统一规定损害赔偿数额的计算方法，重视竞争文化的培育和传播，可有效地克服这些困难。

关键词: 反垄断法私人实施, 非直接购买者规则, 诉讼前置条件, 因果关系推定规则, 竞争文化

Abstract: There are many difficulties and obstacles in private enforcement of Chinese Antimonopoly-law. It is difficultto verify exactly plaintiffs among sorts of victims of respondents restrictive behaviors; complaints can hardly giveany evidences that respondents has violated antimonopoly-law, and most of people challenge the justice of privateenforcement of public law, etc. In order to make the system of private enforcement operate properly, it is essen-tial to enact a regulation which clarifies the standing to sue and adopts the rule of precondition for damage claimsand the rule of causation presumption and clarifies the methods of calculating damages. In addition, the spread ofcompetition culture should also be emphasized.

Key words: Private Enforcement of Antimonopoly Law, The Indirect Purchaser, The Preconditions for Damage Claims, The Rule of Causation Presumption, Competition Culture