摘要： 传统观念认为，识别作为法院进行法律选择适用的前提步骤存在于冲突法中，是适用冲突规范前需要处理的特殊问题。联合国《全程或部分海上国际货物运输合同公约》首次从国际公约的层面对承运人和货物控制方的识别问题进行了统一规定。这说明“识别”与“识别冲突”不仅存在于冲突规范的选择适用中，而且存在于准据法的选择适用领域。“二级识别”现象是客观存在的，应当重视研究“二级识别”问题。

关键词: 识别；识别冲突；法律适用；《鹿特丹规则》；&ldquo, 二级识别&rdquo

Abstract: Characterization is traditionally regarded as a preliminary step existing in the conflict of laws and needs to be resolved before applying conflict rules. The United Nations Convention on Contracts for the International Carriage of Goods Wholly or Partly by Sea (Rotterdam Rules) firstly unifyied the characterization of carrier and controlling party of goods from international law. This illustrates that characterization and the conflict of characterization do not only exist in the course of choosing conflict rule, but also in the course of choosing applicable law. We should make a point of study secondary characterization as it exists objectively.

Key words: Characterization, Conflict of Characterization, Application of Lau, Rotterdam Rules, See-ondary Characterization