摘要： 法国的法社会学研究在第二次世界大战之后得到了极大的发展，并以其鲜明的特点在国际法社会学领域占有重要的位置。与中国学界相对熟知的美国的“法与社会”运动相比，一方面，法国法社会学研究的理论范式与研究方法都呈现出了复杂多元的特征，另一方面，它也表现出了一定的趋同化发展路径，尤其是更为关注“法律与政治的关系”这一研究主题。作为法律外部视角的法社会学学科发展具有高度的语境性，它与法学的距离，往往取决于一个国家特定时期法制体系的完善程度和法学学科的闭合程度。相较于美国的法社会学研究传统，法国的法社会学研究与中国社会的土壤更为接近，对其学科特点的研究，可以为中国法学界近年来热议的法学研究范式之争以及法社会学的学科定位等问题带来有益的参考。

关键词: 法国法社会学, 法律形式主义, “法与社会”运动, 关于法律的政治社会学, 法律外部视角

Abstract: French legal sociology has been developed greatly after World War II, and plays an important role in the academic world with its distinctive features. Comparing to the Law and Society movement in the US, its theoretical paradigms and methodologies are more complex and more diverse. On the other hand, it also shows some certain assimilation tendencies. Especially, more and more researches pay attention to the relations between law and politics. On the basis of analysis on these characteristics, this article argues that, as an external perspective of law, the development of legal sociology is highly contextualist; its distance to law often depends on the perfection degree of legal system and the closure degree of legal studies in one country of specific period. Compared with the American tradition, French legal sociology is closer to and more suitable for the Chinese circumstance. Therefore, the study on French legal sociology can be a beneficial reference to the hot academic topics in recent years-the paradigm disputes of legal studies, as well as the disciplinary orientation of legal sociology in China.

Key words: French Legal Sociology, Legal Formalism, Law and Society Movement, Political Sociology of Law, External Perspective of Law