摘要： 检察机关设置内部机构，是为了实现专业分工、提高效益，也为便于上级指挥监督。设置时应考虑司法责任制及其限度、办案业务量和检察官数量、办案组织的设置、业务工作特性、日常管理需要以及上下级检察机关的业务对接。目前还应注意机构设置的适度稳定性，以及机构设置的基本统一性。“大部制”比较适合于案件数量较少，检察人员较少的检察院，尤其是基层检察院。检察机关实行诉讼与监督职能分离和机构分离利弊皆有，但两种职能难以完全分开，且在侦查权转隶后，诉讼监督更需批捕权和公诉权支持。“捕诉合一”可精简机构、提高效率，但捕、诉性质不同，部门合一还造成业务部门设置不平衡。除未成年人案件以外，其他特定类型案件亦应慎重实行“捕诉合一”。检察机关的内部机构及功能设置，应视国家监察体制改革推进状况而作适当调整。

关键词: 检察机关, 内部机构, 检察一体制, 司法责任制, 统一性

Abstract: The institutional setup in procuratorates has two goals: one is to improve efficiency through division of functions; the other one is for better direction and supervision by procuratorates at higher levels. In institutional setup, factors such as judicial accountability, amount of cases and number of prosecutors, quality of work, daily management and coordination between different levels of procuratorates should be considered. In addition, we need to pay attention to the stability and uniformity of institutions. The“giant department”reform suits procuratorates which have small amount of cases and less prosecutors, especially those of the lowest level. The separation of prosecution from is better form implementation of supervision, but actually it's hard to completely separate the two functions. Moreover, after the transfer of investigative power, the supervisory function needs to be supported by the power of arrest approval and the power of prosecution. The combination of arrest approval department and the prosecution department can streamline institutions and improve efficiency, and strengthen the direction and supervision on investigation. However, since arrest approval and prosecution have different qualities, the combination of the two departments will break the balance between different departments. Except in juvenile cases, we should be cautious in the combination of arrest approval and prosecution in other cases. The internal institutional setup of procuratorates should be adjusted according to the reform of our national supervisory organs.

Key words: Procuratorates, Internal Institutions, Integrated System, Judicial Accountability, Uniformity