摘要： 对于聚众斗殴致人重伤、死亡以及非法拘禁使用暴力、刑讯逼供、暴力取证、虐待被监管人致人伤残、死亡的，刑法规定按照故意伤害罪、故意杀人罪定罪处罚。这既非法律拟制，也非注意规定，而是为了减轻犯罪检控的证明负担所作的法律推定。即，推定致人重伤(伤残)的行为人具有伤害故意，致人死亡的行为人具有杀人故意，分别构成故意伤害罪、故意杀人罪；参与犯罪的其他成员对于加害行为有加功作用的，推定其成立故意伤害罪、故意杀人罪的共犯。推定产生证明责任倒置的效果，辩护方反驳推定须承担完全意义上的证明责任，且其反驳证明应达到令人信服的程度。

关键词: 故意伤害罪, 故意杀人罪, 法律推定, 法律拟制, 注意规定, 转化犯

Abstract: Criminal law provides for conviction and punishment in accordance with intentional injury and intentional homicide if the perpetrators are injured, killed and illegally detained using violence, torture, violence, evidence, non-legal fiduciary, nor does it pay attention to the provisions, but to reduce the burden of proof of the prosecution of the legal presumption, resulting in the presumption that the perpetrators causing serious injury(disability)have intentional intentions and the perpetrators causing death have intentional intentions. Respectively, constitute a crime of intentional assault, intentional homicide; other members of the crime involved in the act of aggravating the effect of the work, presumably to set up intentional injury, intentional homicide. Presumption of proof of the effect of the burden of proof, the defender refuses to assume the full sense of the burden of proof, and its rebuttal proof should be convincing.

Key words: Crime of Intentional Injury, Crime of Intentional Homicide, Legal Provisions, Legal Fiction, Attention Regulation, Transitional Form of Crimes