摘要： 我国现行立法未明确规定法院强制拍卖无效的事由，执行实践中存在强制拍卖无效情形扩大化的现象，而理论界对强制拍卖无效事由的认识也有很大分歧。根据强制拍卖的性质和无效拍卖的后果，在确定强制拍卖无效事由范围时，至少应考虑三点：一是不宜将民事法律行为的效力标准作为强制拍卖效力的评判标准；二是严格限缩强制拍卖无效事由的范围；三是将可通过执行救济制度补正的瑕疵排除在拍卖无效事由之外。强制拍卖无效事由的评判标准应为“重大而显著的瑕疵”。根据我国具体国情，强制拍卖无效的法定事由应限于四种情形：执行依据不存在的；拍卖物未经查封或者查封无效的；拍定人不具备法律规定的竞买资格的；拍卖标的物系禁止流通的。

关键词: 强制拍卖, 无效拍卖, 强制执行

Abstract: The circumstances leading to the invalidity of judicial compulsory auction have yet to be clearly stipulated in current law of China.In legal practice, the tendency is to extend the scope of invalidity in compulsory enforcement.There is a wide divergence in opinions of scholars with regards to the matter.Considering the nature of compulsory auction and the consequences of deciding such auction as invalid, we shall reflect on three aspects in order to specify circumstances leading to the invalidity.Firstly, the criteria of whether civil juristic acts are effective shall not be applied to compulsory auction; secondly, the circumstances leading to the invalidity shall be strictly limited; thirdly, the defect which can be corrected by executive remedy system shall be excluded from the circumstances leading to the invalidity.“Significant and obvious defect”shall be the standard of establishing the invalidity of compulsory auction.In accordance with the reality of China, the legal circumstances leading to invalidity of compulsory auction shall be confined to four conditions as follows：where basis of enforcement is inexistent; where items of auction are not seized or the seizure is invalid; where bidders are not legally qualified for auction; where items of auction are forbidden to circulate.

Key words: Compulsory Auction, Invalidity, Circumstance, Standard