摘要：

非典型担保在发展中呈现担保的法效果与担保的功能分离的态势，其功能的实现依赖担保合同。《民法典》第388条第1款明确了在功能主义担保体系中担保合同的意义。以目前我国实践中常见的非典型担保“买卖型担保”为例，首先应当定性当事人之间的合意。这也是《民间借贷司法解释》第24条适用的前提。合同定性需要综合考量当事人的约定更具有哪种合同的常素，以此确定合意是否具有担保目的。在定性后，根据担保物的不同，以担保合同的内容为依据确定当事人的权利与买卖型担保的独立性。从日本法中权利移转预定型担保兴衰的教训看，应当尽可能维护当事人的意思自治，维持担保合同的效力。

关键词: 非典型担保, 买卖型担保, 动态体系, 担保合同, 担保目的

Abstract:

In the development of atypical guarantees，the effectiveness of the guarantees and the function of the guarantees are separated.The realization of its function depends on the guarantee contract.Taking the atypical guarantee“tradingbased guarantee”as an example，which is popular in practice in China，the agreement between the parties should be determined the nature firstly.This ist also the premise of the application of Article 24 of the Judicial Interpretation of Private Lending.The determination of the nature of contract requires a comprehensive consideration of the contractual agreement，to make clear the rights of the partners and the independence of tradingbased guarantee.From the lesson of the rise and fall of the right of the predetermined guarantee in the Japanese law，the party’s autonomy should be maintained as much as possible.

Key words: Atypical Guarantees, Tradingbased Guarantee, Flexible System, Nature of Guarantee Contract, Purpose of Guarantee