摘要：

三权分置规则意味着特定农地流转方式的实现必须分置土地经营权，无权利分置则无土地经营权，其实质是通过法律技术工具的革新，克服农地流转的法律障碍。立法服务于农地流转的现实需要，有意淡化了土地经营权的性质，解释上需要同时考虑流转期限和流转方式两个因素。认识和理解土地经营权的关键和核心是明确其形成机制，需要在土地流转与权利分置的对立统一关系中把握。在三权分置的语境下，立法上的“流转”一词具有特定法律含义，应当将需要权利分置情形下的所谓流转土地经营权解释为（向他人）分置土地经营权，即土地经营权的形成；将不需要权利分置情形下的所谓流转土地经营权和再流转土地经营权解释为土地经营权流转，实现流转一词法律含义的规范和统一。应当在体系化解释的基础上统一法律构造，消除土地经营权多元化和存在形态多样性所导致的理解和适用难题。

关键词: 民法典, 三权分置, 土地经营权, 形成机制, 体系结构

Abstract:

The rule of the“Three—Rights separation”of rural land means that the realization of the specific mode of rural land transfer must be divided into rural land management rights.If there is no right division，there will be no rural land management right.Its essence is to overcome the legal obstacles of farmland circulation through the innovation of legal and technical tools.Legislation serves the practical needs of rural land transfer，and intentionally dilutes the nature of Rural land management right.In the interpretation，it is necessary to consider both the transfer period and the transfer mode to make it clear.The key and core of understanding the land management right is to clarify its formation mechanism，which needs to be grasped in the unity of opposites between land circulation and right separation.In the context of“Three—Rights separation”of rural land，the word“circulation”in legislation has a specific legal meaning.The socalled“circulation land management right”under the situation of the need for the separation of rights should be interpreted as the formation of the Rural land management right；the socalled“circulation land management right”and“the re circulation land management right”under the situation of no need of the right separation as the circulation of rural land management right，so as to realize the standardization and unification of the legal meaning of the word circulation.The legal structure should be unified on the basis of systematic interpretation，and eliminate the difficulties of understanding and application caused by the diversity of land management rights and its existing forms.

Key words: Civil Code, Separation of Three Powers, Land Management Right, Formation Mechanism, System Structure