摘要：

客观—主观证明责任体系是大陆法系证明责任概念的主流话语理论，其与域外的其他证明责任概念话语理论有较大的区别。该理论虽在中国学界最受推崇，但也多有“迷思”：无论是信奉者，还是异见者，往往都没有完全正确认知其概念逻辑与问题。该理论值得肯定的问题意识是，概念的建构需要处理在某些制度语境中可能出现当事人自身的证明不能与裁判者的不利后果分配之间不具有直接对应性的问题。但是，其在概念方法上存在着不当地将证明责任的行为责任与结果责任割裂开来、将行为责任进行抽象责任与具体责任的虚假区分，以及这些概念方法与“打包”型概念的规范指引功能不足等问题。有必要抛弃客观—主观证明责任体系，重构证明责任的概念话语体系。

关键词: 证明责任概念, 客观证明责任, 主观证明责任, 说服责任, 提出证据责任

Abstract:

The objective-subjective burden of proof system is the major discourse theory of the concept of burden of proof in the civil law system，which is quite different from other discourse theories of burden of proof.Although this kind of conceptual discourse is most admired in Chinese academic circles，there are many“myths”：whether it is a believer or a dissident，they often do not fully understand its conceptual logic and find its problem.Its problem awareness is that the construction of the concept needs to deal with the problem that in some institutional contexts there may not be a direct correspondence between the party’s own certification and the referee’s adverse consequences distribution.But as to the conceptual method，there are improper separation of the responsibility for the act of proof and the responsibility for the result，the false distinction between abstract responsibility and specific one for the responsibility of acts，and the lack of normative guidance functions of these conceptual methods and“packaged”concepts，etc.It is necessary to abandon the objective-subjective burden of proof system.

Key words: Objective-subjective Burden of Proof System, Fragmentation of Liability, False Distinction of Liability, Insufficient of Normative Guidance