摘要：

个人债务集中清理的社会需求、宗教力量对公众法意识的影响、法律人才的充分供给、相关制度的有效支撑共同构成了域外个人破产制度的立法条件。在国内，现阶段的政治导向、经济需求、司法状况已然决定我国构建个人破产制度的现实基础。然而，综合考量我国已有的实践经验与社会实际，个人破产立法的条件仍难谓成熟，其堵点表现为针对个人破产制度构建的本土探索并不充分、公众法意识尚未完全转型以及专业人才队伍过于单薄。制度革新需要社会精英和群体组织的合力，个人破产制度构建过程中必然会面临诸多障碍。于我国现状条件而言，在出台“个人破产法”之前，需要通过强化个人破产配套制度建设与实施、加强个人债务清理机制构建的地方实践、培育公众的法律信任意识、完善破产实务人才培养机制等途径以夯实个人破产制度的立法基础。

关键词: 个人破产, 余债免除, 信贷风险, 执行难, 个人征信

Abstract:

The social demand for centralized liquidation of personal debts，the influence of religious forces on public legal consciousness，the full supply of legal talents and the effective support of system supply constitute the legislative conditions of extraterritorial personal insolvency system.In China，the political orientation，economic demand and judicial situation at this stage have determined the realistic basis for the construction of personal insolvency system in China.However，considering China's existing practical experience and social reality，the conditions of personal insolvency legislation are still difficult to be considered mature.Its bottleneck is that the local exploration for the construction of personal insolvency system is not sufficient，the public legal consciousness has not been completely transformed，and the professional team is too weak.Institutional innovation requires the joint efforts of social elites and group organizations，and the construction of personal insolvency system will inevitably face many obstacles.In terms of China's current conditions，before the formal introduction of the unified“personal insolvency law”，it is necessary to strengthen the construction and implementation of personal insolvency supporting system and the construction of personal debt liquidation mechanism to cultivate the public's awareness of legal trust and improve the training mechanism of insolvency practical talents，so as to consolidate the legislative basis of individual insolvency system.

Key words: Personal Insolvency, Cancellation of Remaining Debts, Credit Risk, Enforcement Difficulty, Personal Credit Investigation