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新证据概念视角下杭州来某某失踪案侦查推进的理论阐释

李学军,法学博士,中国人民大学法学院刑事法律科学研究中心教授。   

  • 出版日期:2022-05-15 发布日期:2022-05-16

Theoretical Interpretation on the Criminal Investigation Forward of the Missing Case of Ms.Lai in Hangzhou under a New Evidence Concept

Li Xuejun,Ph.D. in Law,Professor of Renmin University of China,Researcher of the Criminal Law Research Center of Renmin University of China.   

  • Online:2022-05-15 Published:2022-05-16

摘要:

杭州来某某失踪案的发生备受民众关注,该案侦查推进中的诸多做法更值得理论总结、提升并思考。传统证据观仅从功能的视角在静态层面界定证据,无法将证据与法律拟规范的行为相关联,本文从动态生成的过程维度提出证据乃是“行为引发外界发生的各种变化”这一新的证据概念,并探析了其理论依据即过程哲学及物质不灭元理。新证据概念的推出,不仅可对杭州来某某失踪案侦查机关“由证至供”侦查模式予以理论支撑,还能引领实务工作者从多维空间去找寻各种证据以回建案件事实。新证据概念下“由证至供”侦查模式,彰显了我国人权保障理念的落地样态,提高了我国精准打击犯罪的专业水平。而为进一步确保程序公正、进一步保障犯罪嫌疑人的人权,同时防范一些实施犯罪行为者因侦查机关在侦查过程中存在的程序问题而出罪,建议在与现行功能证据观并存的新证据概念下,建立、完善公安机关的法律顾问制度。

关键词:  

Abstract: The missing case of Ms.Lai in Hangzhou has attracted much attention from the public.Many practices in the investigation process of the case are worthy of theoretical summary,refinement and reflection.The traditional view of evidence only defines evidence at a static level from a functional perspective.This definition cannot relate evidence to behaviors that need to be regulated by law.From a dynamically generated dimension,this article proposes a new evidence concept,as Behavior Causes Various Changes in the Outside World are Evidence,and analyses its theoretical basis,that is,process philosophy and all matter is indestructible.The introduction of the new concept of evidence can not only provide theoretical support for the selection of the investigative model of From Evidence to Confession of the missing case of Ms.Lai in Hangzhou,but also leads investigators to finding various types of evidence from a multi-dimensional space to rebuild the facts of the case.Under the new concept of evidence,the first choice of the investigation model of From Evidence to Confession demonstrates the implementation of the concept of human rights protection in China.It also improves the professional level of precision crime fighting in China.In order to further ensure the fairness of the procedure,protect the human rights of criminal suspects,and to prevent some criminals from committing crimes due to the procedural problems of the investigative agency during the investigation process,it is suggested to establish and improve the legal advisory system of public security organs under the new conceptualization of evidence with the current view of functional evidence.

Key words: New Evidence Concept, Models of Investigation, From Evidence to Confession, From Confession to Evidence, Protection of Human Rights