摘要：

我国学者对违法性认识可能性的理解，是在大陆法系刑法理论的框架之下，遵循故意说和责任说的理论脉络展开的，存在几个本土化的问题有待解决。逻辑分析应当结合刑法的立场来进行，在我国，首先要明确违法性认识可能性理论的立场，即要重视发挥刑法的社会保护功能，且承认刑法中违法性认识普遍性降低的客观实际情况，坚守责任主义。首先，故意说无论在外部或者内部都难以得到合理证成，责任说相对较为妥当。其次，应摆脱心理责任论和规范责任论的束缚，将违法性认识可能性作为机能责任的要素。再次，应参考普通法系刑法的宽恕事由，在“罪—责—刑”的刑法理论构造中发挥违法性认识可能性的宽恕机能。

关键词:  

Abstract: Chinese scholars’ understanding on the capability of cognition of illegality is basically based on the framework of criminal law of continental law system，following the theoretical context of deliberate-doctrine and liability-doctrine.There are several localized issues that need to be resolved.The logical analysis should be conducted in connection with the position of criminal law.In our country，the position of the theory of the capability of illegal knowledge should pay attention to the social protection function of criminal law，and recognize the objective reality of the reduction of the universality of illegal knowledge in the criminal law.First of all，what is deliberately said is difficult to be reasonably justified whether externally or internally.The theory of responsibility is relatively more appropriate.Secondly，the capability of cognition of illegality should be regarded as the element of functional responsibility.Thirdly，the forgiveness of criminal law of common law system should be used for reference，and the function of cognition of capability of illegality should be exerted in the criminal theory structure of“crime-responsibility-punishment”.

Key words: Capability of Cognition of Illegality, Intention, Liability, Theory of Functional Responsibility, Excuses