摘要： 《民法典》第476条规定的是要约之可撤销性及其限制。主文承认了要约的可撤销性,且未设置法定撤销事由。但书规定的是限制要约可撤销性的两种类型。相较于但书第1项要求存在要约不可撤销的明确表示,但书第2项中要约不可撤销表示的明确性较弱。相应地,第2项中受要约人对要约不可撤销的合理信赖在程度上低于第1项,故法律秩序在第2项中增设了信赖投入要件,以补强信赖保护之正当性。同时,为平衡要约人与受要约人的利益,对信赖投入要件新增了“合理”要求。
关键词:
要约撤销,
明确程度,
合理信赖,
信赖投入
Abstract: Article 476 of the Civil Code deals with the revocability of the offer and its limitations.The main text acknowledges the revocability of the offer without setting statutory grounds for revocation.The proviso provides for two types of restrictions on the revocability of the offer.Compared with item 1 of the proviso, the degree of clarity of the irrevocable expression of the offer is weak in item 2 of the proviso.Accordingly, the degree of reasonable reliance of the offeree on the irrevocability of the offer in item 2 is lower than item 1.Therefore, the legal order adds the requirement of investment of reliance in item 2 to strengthen the legitimacy of protection for reliance.At the same time, in order to balance the interests of the offeror and the offeree, a new “reasonable” requirement is added to the requirement of investment of reliance.
Key words:
Revocability of Offer,
Degree of Clarity,
Reasonable Reliance,
Investment of Reliance
朱李圣. 《民法典》第476条(要约之可撤销性及其限制)评注[J]. 法学家, 2024(2): 173-190.
ZHU Lisheng. Comments on Article 476 of the Civil Code(the Revocability of the Offer and its Limitations)[J]. The Jurist, 2024(2): 173-190.