摘要： 数字技术的应用对职务犯罪调查方式产生了巨大影响,表现为线索发现由被动回应转向主动检校,管辖结构由科层结构转向扁平结构,取证路径由人证依赖转向算法依赖,取证方式由空间压迫转向数据压迫。数字化转型导致职务犯罪调查程序的“权力—权利”结构面临失衡风险,表现为权利保障的重心偏离、虚化以及监察调查权力的隐性扩张与控制乏力。从指导思想上,需要将数字权力控制理念融入程序法定原则,将合理隐私期待理念切入权利保障原则,将程序效能平衡理念嵌入调查效率原则。从应对策略上,应当以多元化权利保障与规范化数字调查为导向,将人权保障重心转向隐私安全保护,探索以数据知情权为核心的隐私与个人信息保护制度,建立申诉救济机制,并统筹数据平台建设,优化管辖衔接,强化权力运行的过程控制,构建算法正当性的释明与监督机制。

关键词: 职务犯罪调查, 数字化转型, “权力—权利”结构, 风险防范, 规范治理

Abstract: The application of digital technology has overwhelmingly impacted investigative methods for duty-related crime, mainly presented as from passive response to active verification for the discovery of the crime leads, from bureaucratic structure to horizontal structure for jurisdictional structure, from witness-oriented to algorithm-oriented for obtain-evidence path, and from space oppression to data oppression for obtain-evidence method.Digital transformation might trigger the potential imbalance in the power-rights structure for judicial proceedings of duty-related crime, manifested as the deviation and weakening of the focus on the right guarantee, implicit expansion and weakness of control over supervisory and investigative powers.When addressing the above-mentioned issues, from the perspective of guiding ideology, it is required that the control philosophy of digital power shall be integrated into principles for legal procedure, and the concept of the reasonable expectation of privacy incorporated into principles of right guarantee, the concept of balanced procedural efficiency embedded into the principle of investigative efficiency.From the perspective of coping strategy, it shall be oriented towards diversified right guarantee and standardized digital investigation, focus on the protection of human rights which shall be switched into the protection of privacy security, explore the privacy and personal information protection system centered on the right of data information, establish a grievance redress mechanism, coordinate the establishment of data platform, optimize the jurisdictional connection, strengthen the process control for the exercise of power and create a mechanism for interpreting and supervising the legitimacy of algorithms.

Key words: Duty-related Crime Investigation, Digital Transformation, Power-rights Structure, Risk Prevention, Standardized Governance