摘要： 《民法典》第1194条是网络侵权的一般规定。本条第1句是不完全主要规范,在适用时需要结合其他法条,尤其是《民法典》第1165条、第1167条。本条第2句是参引规范,其指向的单行法律与本条第1句构成特别法与一般法。本条第1句与第1165条共同构成网络侵权损害赔偿请求权的基础,要件有六:网络用户或网络服务提供者、利用网络实施侵权行为、侵害他人民事权益、过错、损害、因果关系;本条第1句与第1167条共同构成网络侵权预防性请求权的基础,不要求存在过错、损害。就法律后果而言,被侵权人可就财产侵害、人身侵害、知识产权侵害等请求赔偿损失;就人格权侵害,还可请求消除影响、恢复名誉、赔礼道歉;对于侵权行为仍然持续的,还可主张停止侵害、排除妨碍、消除危险。

关键词: 网络侵权, 网络服务提供者, 损害赔偿请求权, 预防性请求权

Abstract: Article 1194 of the Civil Code is a general provision on network infringement.The first sentence of this article is an incomplete primary norm, which needs to be applied in conjunction with other articles, especially Articles 1165 and 1167 of the Civil Code.The second sentence of this article is a reference norm, and the specific law it refers to constitutes a special law in conjunction with the general law in the first sentence.The first sentence of this article, together with Article 1165, forms the basis for the right to claim network infringement damages, with six essential elements: network users or network service providers, infringement committed through the use of the network, infringement of others' civil rights and interests, fault, damage, and causation; the first sentence of this article, together with Article 1167, forms the basis for the preventive right to claim compensation for network infringement, without requiring the existence of fault or damage.In terms of legal consequences, the infringed party may claim compensation for losses such as property infringement, personal infringement, and intellectual property infringement; for infringement of personality rights, the infringed party may also request the elimination of effects, restoration of reputation, and an apology; if the infringement continues, the infringed party may also claim cessation of infringement, removal of obstacles, and elimination of danger.

Key words: Network Infringement, Network Service Provider, Right to Claim Damages, Preventive Right