摘要： 只有利益攸关者对具有可争议性的涉执行实体权益损害或其救济存在实质性争议,民事强制执行法才具备要求当事人或者第三人通过执行异议之诉或者另案民事诉讼寻求救济的正当性基础。瑕疵执行行为造成的部分实体权益损害及其救济不具有可争议性、利益攸关者对具有可争议性的部分实体权益损害及其救济不存在实质性争议的,民事强制执行法应当向当事人或者第三人提供即时救济。无论是执行法院以裁定书的形式向当事人或者第三人提供实体权益损害即时救济,还是排除执行判决一并解除执行措施及责令相关主体返还执行标的或其变价款,都不必然违反审执关系基本原理。

关键词: 审执关系, 违法执行行为, 不当执行行为, 执行异议之诉, 执行监督

Abstract: Only where interested parties have a substantive dispute over contestable infringements of substantive rights in enforcement proceedings, or over the remedies therefor, does civil compulsory execution law possess a legitimate basis for requiring enforcement parties or third parties to seek relief through enforcement objection litigations or through separate civil litigations.Where certain infringements of substantive rights caused by defective enforcement behavior, together with the corresponding remedies, lack contestability, or where interested parties do not have a substantive dispute over contestable forms of such infringements and their remedies, civil compulsory execution law should provide immediate relief to the enforcement parties or third parties.Neither the enforcement court's provision of immediate relief for infringements of substantive rights by way of a ruling to the enforcement parties or third parties, nor judgments on exclusion of enforcement setting aside enforcement measures and ordering the relevant subjects to return the subject matter of enforcement or the proceeds from its transfer, does not necessarily violate the basic principles governing the relationship between civil trial and enforcement.

Key words: Relationship Between Civil Trial and Enforcement, Illegal Enforcement Behavior, Improper Enforcement Behavior, Enforcement Objection Litigations, Supervision of Civil Enforcement