摘要： 为了保证行政官员守法，各国设计了复杂的司法审查机制并发展了相应的理论和学说。本文考察美国联邦法院在审查行政案件中发展的原则和方法一具体地说，就是对于不同类型的行政诉讼，司法审查究竟应该采取什么标准、严格到什么程度？对于这个问题，美国法院历年来积累了丰富的判例并发展了精深的理论。美国行政诉讼的司法经验表明，司法审查的适当力度和标准取决于诸多制度性因素，尤其是司法权和行政权的平衡。

关键词: 行政诉讼 , 司法审查 , 美国行政法

Abstract: In order to ensure administrative legality，different countries have designed complex iudicial review mechanisms and developed relevant theories．This article examines the principles and methods that the American federal courts use to review administrative cases．More specifically，how exacting should the judicial standards be in reviewing different types of administrative cases？The American courts have accumulated abundant case laws and developed elaborate theories in this area．The judicial experience of American administrative litigation indicates that the adequate depth and standard of Judicial review depends on many institutional factors，such as the balance between judicial and administrative powers．

Key words: Administrative litigation, Judicial review, American administrative law