摘要： 人权理论的基础是人性论。人性论包括两方面的内容：一是什么是人性，二是人性的善恶。人性论与人道主义相联系。全盘否定人性论导致否定马克思主义中的人道主义思想。对于人性论的意识形态化的批判和对于人道主义内容和精神的限制，导致对人权概念意识形态化的解释，以及对于人权问题研究的警惕和否定。建国后一段时期，人权问题被视为理论研究的禁区，其根源在于对于人性论的认识。改革开放以来我国人权理论研究的演变经历了公民权利研究兴起、人权研究解冻、人权研究兴起和人权成为显学四个阶段。

关键词: 人性 , 人道主义 , 人权研究

Abstract: The foundation of human rights theory is the theory of human nature，which is mainly composed of two aspects．One is the definition of human nature，the other is the good or evil of human nature．The theory of human natute is closely related with humanism．The repudiation of human nature theory leads to the deny of humanism in Marxism．People tend t to ideological interpret on the human rights concepts and deny and be highly vigilant on the human rights research．This is originated from the ideological criticism on human rights concepts and the limitation on the underlying contents and spirits of humanism．In the period after the foundation of the People’s Republic of China，human rights related issues were regarded as taboo in the theoretical research area．And this can be attributed to people’s perception about the human nature theory．After the reform and opening up to the outside world，the human rights theory research in out country can be divided into four stages，namely citizen rights research upsurge，thawed human rights research，human rights research upsurge and human rights research as a stared theory．

Key words: human nature, humanism, human rights research