摘要： 海上阻禁大规模杀伤性武器扩散运输是一种新出现的反扩散措施，具有不同于传统防扩散的特点。创造性运用港口国管辖、沿海国管辖和船旗国管辖机制的阻禁符合海洋法和防扩散国际法，公海阻禁则缺乏足够法律支持。美国总统奥巴马制度化防扩散安全倡议可能使海上阻禁成为一项新的国际法制度。

关键词: 海上阻禁, 大规模杀伤性武器, 防扩散安全倡议, 海洋法公约

Abstract: Maritime Interdiction of the proliferation-related traffic of weapons of mass destruction is one kind of newly-emerging counter-proliferation measures, with the characteristics different from the traditional non-proliferation.Interdictions, applied creatively under the systems of port state jurisdiction, coastal state jurisdiction and flagstate jurisdiction, are in line with the law of the sea and the international law of non-proliferation, while interdic-tions on the high seas have no sufficient legal base. Maritime interdiction of WMD is likely to become a newregime in international law through the institutionalization of the Proliferation Security Initiative by U. S. PresidentObama.

Key words: Maritime Interdiction, Weapons of Mass Destruction, Proliferation Security Initiative, Conven-tion on the Law of the Sea