摘要： 犯罪记录查询制度的设计初衷和追求效果，是使犯罪人的前科归于消灭。在经过法定期限之后，查询犯罪记录的结果将被显示为“无犯罪记录”。但是，作为犯罪记录查询制度核心内容的犯罪记录终止查询制度，意在确定具体犯罪类型的查询期限，以及可以终生查询犯罪记录的犯罪类型，也就是前科不得消灭的犯罪类型。犯罪记录终止查询制度的设置，应当在维护公共利益和保障犯罪人人权之间寻找平衡点，在确保防卫社会重大公共利益的前提下，充分发挥前科消灭制度的价值与功能，促进犯罪人的社会复归。

关键词: 犯罪记录, 前科, 前科消灭, 前科立法

Abstract: The original purpose and the pursued effect when designing a conviction inquiry system is to cause the previ-ous conviction of a criminal to dissolve．After the elapse of a period determined by law, the result of a convictioninquiry is shown as “no previous conviction'．But as the core component of the conviction inquiry system, an in-stitution of conviction inquiry termination is intended to determine the inquiry deadlines of specific crimes，as wellas the types of crimes for which the conviction inquiry is possible during life-time of a criminal, in other words,the types of crimes for which the conviction shall not dissolve. The design of the institution of conviction inquirytermination shall strike a balance between public interests and the human rights of criminals, under the precondi-tion that major societal public interests are secured, give full play to the value and function of the institution of previous conviction dissolution and promote the rehabilitation of the criminal into the society.

Key words: Conviction Record, Previous Conviction, Dissolution of Previous Conviction, Legislation of Previous Conviction