摘要： 国内外法治评估有着复杂的背景渊源，可被归纳为三种类型：定量评估、定性评估和建设评估。定量评估基于实证主义立场，偏重形式法治理论，以数据的形式反映法治的客观属性，具有标准化的方法步骤，即明确法治概念、界定各种变量指标、收集数据进行计算、审查评估结果。定性评估基于诠释社会科学，立足实质法治理论，结合法治价值评判实践现象，评价方法灵活多元，专业人士才能胜任。建设评估是转型时期的过渡性评估，基于法制与法治理论、社会指标理论和绩效评估方法，由政府主导，旨在推动法治的生成，存在理论基础薄弱、评估的主客体混同、指标重投入而轻结果、方法严谨性不足等结构性缺陷，未来需要予以改进，发展出真正意义的法治评估。

关键词: 法治评估, 定量评估, 定性评估, 建设评估

Abstract: Rule of Law Assessments at home and abroad have complicated backgrounds, which can be divided into three types: quantitative assessment, qualitative assessment and construction assessment. Quantitative assessment based on positivism, emphasihing on theory of formalist rule of law and pursuing to reflect the attribute of the Rule of Law objectively by data, with a standardized method step: defining the concept of the Rule of Law, defining various variables and Indicators, collecting data, and then calculating and reviewing the result. Qualitative assessment based on Hermeneutics and substantive theory of Rule of Law, which only professionals can perform, gives the value judgment of Rule of Law into practical phenomenon and has flexible multievaluations. Construction assessment is interim evaluation in the period of transition, based on legal system theory and Rule of Law theory，social indicator theory and performance evaluation methods, led by the government, pursuing to promote the rule of law generated. But it has some structural defects, such as weak theoretical foundation, the subject confused with the object, indicator paying more attention to input than result and method being not precise enough.  Construction assessment needs to be improved in the future, and the true meaning of Rule of Law assessment should be developed.

Key words: Rule of Law Assessment, Quantitative Assessment, Qualitative Assessment, Construction Assessment