摘要：

我国辩护制度本身已暗含有疏解不同辩护主体意见冲突的基本思路——意见独立原则，即辩护人在经过充分沟通仍与被追诉人无法达成共识时，只要被追诉人不选择退出机制，就可坚持不同的辩护意见。意见独立原则同样适用于认罪认罚案件辩护。辩护人在认罪认罚等问题上提出不同意见，不仅不会侵犯被追诉人自主认罪认罚的权利，还更加有利于实现认罪认罚案件的有效辩护。对于认罪、认罚、程序选择等不同议题，意见独立原则有不同的实施机制和法律效果。当前，意见独立原则的践行尚面临认罪认罚劝说失当、辩护人及值班律师立场异化、辩护效果失控等几种潜在风险，需要进一步明确底线，完善防控机制。

关键词: 辩护冲突, 意见独立原则, 认罪认罚, 独立辩护, 有效辩护

Abstract:

China's defense system itself implies the principle of defense counsel's independent opinion of resolving the disagreements between counsel and the defendant，that is，a defense counsel may insist on different defense opinions when he could not reach an understanding with the defendant after communication.The principle can also be applied to the cases of pleading guilty and accepting penalty.A defense counsel has the right to put forward different opinions on issues such as pleading guilty and accepting penalty，which not only does not violate the criminal defendant's right to control the case，but also promotes the realization of effective defense in the cases of pleading guilty and accepting penalty.The principle of defense counsel's independent opinion has different implementation mechanisms and legal effects for different issues.Currently，the implementation of the principle also faces some potential risks such as improper persuasion，position alienation of defense counsel，deterioration of defense effect and so on.So it is urgent to perfect the related basic rules and construct the prevention and control mechanism.

Key words: Disagreements between Counsel and the Defendant over the Defense, the Principle of Defense Counsel's Independent Opinion, Pleading Guilty and Accepting Penalty, Independent defense, Effective Defense