摘要：

《欧盟基本权利宪章》第8条确立的个人数据受保护权是欧盟个人数据保护制度的基础性权利，但该权利与第7条“大隐私权”间的关系并不清晰。欧盟法院2010年至2020年间的判决表明，针对个人数据处理行为，首先需通过隐私权判断个人数据之于个体人格的价值，由此划定私人领域和国家权力、第三人行为自由之间的界限，为个人提供实体保护。在此基础上，以个人数据受保护权规范非对称权力结构下的数据处理行为，使之透明、准确、公正、应责，为个人提供程序保护。隐私权要求国家承担避免侵犯私人领域的消极义务；个人信息受保护权则主要依靠国家履行保护义务，积极确立统一的行为规范、监管体制和监督救济机制。在构建我国个人信息权利时，可适当借鉴欧盟思路，确立作为基本权利的个人信息受保护权、作为民事权益的个人信息权益这一组实体权利，并将《个人信息保护法》中的个人权利解释为程序性权利。

关键词: 个人数据受保护权, 隐私权, 个人信息权, 个人信息保护法

Abstract:

The right to the protection of personal data established in the European Union Charter of Fundamental Rights is the basic right of EU data protection regime，which，nevertheless，is tangled with the right to privacy that is broadly defined.By analyzing the judgments of CJEU between 2010 and 2020，it could be found that with regard to the personal data processing，the right to privacy shall first be triggered to delineate the boundaries between the private sphere of individuals and the power of the state and the freedom of others，which provides substantial protection to individuals.After that，the right to the protection of personal data is invoked to channel the way of data processing that is imbalanced between right and power，thereby making it transparent，accurate，fair and accountable，which hence is a procedural right that does not add substantial freedom.In terms of the effect，the right to privacy is to defend against the intrusion of the State into the private sphere，while the right to the protection of personal data requires the State to protect the right positively through implementing unified data processing rules，as well as establishing regulation institution and judicial remedy mechanism.Enlightened from EU's way of distinguishing these two rights，substantial rights and procedural rights can be constructed in China's personal information protection regime，that is，the right to the protection of personal information as a basic right，the right to personal information as a civil right，and the individual rights in Personal Information Protection Law of China as procedural rights.
Key WordsRight to the Protection of Personal Data；Right to Privacy；Right to Personal Information；Personal Information Protection Law

Key words: Right to the Protection of Personal Data, Right to Privacy, Right to Personal Information, Personal Information Protection Law