摘要： “受而不收”的代持型受贿是新型、隐性腐败的重要表现形式。对代持型受贿的刑法性质尤其是既未遂的认定,理论界尚未形成共识,实务中认定不一。代持型受贿的刑法应对,需要跟进的不是立法而是刑法的解释。一方面,代持型受贿既未遂的标准不能脱离现行刑法的规定,需要坚持传统的受贿财物实际控制说。另一方面,也需要改变将实际控制等同于绝对、完全控制的思维定式,针对代持型受贿的特殊性,透过代持现象把握权钱交易的实质,对实际控制进行新的阐述。实际控制不需要达到对财物绝对、完全控制的程度,案发时受贿人只要相对控制了受贿财物,就应当认定为受贿既遂。相对控制的情况下,由于行贿人与受贿人往往共同控制和支配财物,行贿人案发前单方推翻代持约定,对受贿人而言,属于意志以外的原因,在失去相对控制的情况下,应认定为未遂。相对控制说适当前移了代持型受贿既遂的时点,契合现阶段从严惩治新型、隐性腐败的需要。

关键词: 代持型受贿, 受贿既遂, 受贿未遂, 相对控制

Abstract: Accepting bribes through proxy holding is an important manifestation of new and implicit corruption.There is no consensus in the theoretical community regarding the criminal nature of proxy bribery, especially the determination of attempted bribery, and there are inconsistent determinations in practice.The criminal law response to proxy bribery requires the interpretation of the criminal law rather than new legislations.On the one hand, the standard for attempted bribery through proxy cannot be separated from the provisions of the current criminal law, and it is necessary to adhere to the traditional theory of actual control over the bribe property.On the other hand, it is also necessary to change the mindset that equates actual control with absolute and complete control.In response to the special nature of proxy bribery, we need to grasp the essence of power money transactions through the phenomenon of proxy, and provide a new interpretation of actual control.Actual control does not need to reach the level of absolute and complete control over the property.As long as the bribe taker has relative control over the bribe property at the time of the incident, it should be deemed as completed bribery.In the case of relative control, due to the fact that the briber and the bribe taker often jointly control and dispose of property, if the briber unilaterally overturns the proxy agreement before the incident, it is considered an attempt for the bribe taker due to reasons beyond their will.In the case of losing relative control, it should be considered as an attempt.The concept of relative control appropriately moves forward the time point of the completion of proxy holding bribery, which can meet the current need for strict punishment of new and hidden corruption.

Key words: Proxy Type Bribery, Completed Bribery, Attempted Bribery, Relative Control