摘要： 在文化遗产法领域，存在着两种对文化遗产的价值判断方式。一种立足于民族主义，强调对文化遗产原主国权利的尊重和维护。另一种则站在国际主义立场，强调文化遗产属于全人类。本文认为，两者的基本目标都是保护文化遗产，但是在一般情况下，民族主义的立场是第一位的，只有在国家保护不力或蓄意破坏文化遗产时才应站在国际主义立场加以干预和保护。同时，应警惕和反对极端国际主义。

关键词: 文化遗产法 , 立场 , 民族主义 , 国际主义

Abstract: In the field of the cultural heritage law，there are two ways of thinking about the cultural heritage．One is nationalism，which stresses that the right of the cultural heritage of the countries of origin should be respected and protected．The other is internationalism．which stresses that the cultural heritage belongs to all mankind．The main idea of this article is that the basic objectives of both ways are to protect the cultural heritage，but usually nationalism should go first．However，international community should intervene when the country of origin fails to protect or intentionally destroy its cultural heritage．At the same time，we should be alert to and oppose extreme internationalism．

Key words: cultural heritage law, position, nationalism, internationalism