摘要： 在现代社会，刑法的合宪性控制不仅意味着通过实定宪法原则对政治权力(立法)进行限制，而且还应当超越国家—社会(政治—法律)二元结构考察社会诸领域危害的刑法定罪与量刑标准。社会宪治是社会子系统与法律(经济—法律、媒体—法律等)间的结构耦合，是社会诸领域自我规制失效时的外部规制。社会宪治是功能分化条件下实定宪法的重要补充，也是罪刑法定实质内容在政治—法律关系之外的判断标准。在社会宪治下，基本权利的功能也从限制政治权力扩展到防止社会子系统过度膨胀。刑法运作必须识别社会宪治原则与社会诸领域茁生的基本权利。例如在经济领域，刑法应坚守限缩解释，尊重经济系统的自我反思机制；而在社会隐私权保护中，刑法则应当积极介入，保护具有连接社会系统与个体功能的隐私权实质内容。隐私权是基本权利(促进个体沟通自由)，也是社会宪治意义上的结构耦合(防止自系统无限扩张)。

关键词: 社会宪治, 刑事惩罚, 合宪性控制, 系统理论, 结构耦合

Abstract: In modern society, the constitutional control of criminal law does not refer to restrictions on political power (legislation) by the positive constitution, but also focuses on the transcendence of the dual-structure of state-society (politics-law) by observing standards of criminalization and sentencing in different social spheres.Societal constitutionalism is the structural coupling of social subsystems and law (economy and law, media and law, etc.).Societal constitutionalism is an important supplement to positive constitution under the functional differentiation of modern society.It is also the standard for judicial judgment of the substantive content of the principle of“legality”beyond the scope of politics-law relationship.Under the societal constitutionalism, the function of fundamental rights has transformed from restriction on political power to prevention on the over-production of social subsystem.The operation of the criminal law must recognize the principle of different societal constitutionalism and the emergent fundamental rights in different social spheres.For example, in economic system, criminal law needs to be restrained on its interpretation, while respecting the self-reflexive mechanism of the system; in the privacy protection, however, criminal has a more positive role to play.It should protect the substantive contents of the right to privacy which have the function of connecting social systems and individuals.The right to privacy is fundamental right to strengthen the freedom of individual communication.It is also the structural coupling under societal constitutionalism to restrict the infinite growth of social systems.

Key words: Societal Constitutionalism, Criminal Punishment, Constitutional Control, Systems Theory, Structural Coupling