摘要： 2012年修订的《刑事诉讼法》以“列举未尽”的方式规定了一类独立的法定证据——笔录证据。笔录证据是以书面文字记录取证活动的一种证据形式，也是取证主体固定、保全证据的一种基本方法。笔录证据同时具有证明取证行为合法性和实质证据真实性或相关性的辅助功能，就言词证据而言，记载取证活动的书面笔录与言词证据本身合二为一，当然具有证明犯罪事实成立与否的实质功能。笔录证据的瑕疵会导致所记载的取证行为的合法性受到质疑，还会导致所获证据的真实性或相关性受到影响，但不同缺陷所采用的补救措施自然存在区别。笔录证据证明功能的实现，一方面要对其证据能力和证明力作出某些限制，另一方面要完善其正当性保障措施。

关键词: 笔录证据, 证明功能, 合法性, 可靠性, 同一性

Abstract: In a way of“unfinished listing”, the Criminal Procedure Law revised in 2012 stipulates a new kind of evidence：documentary transcript. Documentary transcript is a type of written records through which the process of collecting evidence is presented, and it is also a basic method for fixing and preservation of the evidence. On one hand, we should recognize its auxiliary function which can demonstrate legality of evidence collection and credibility or relevance of a certain evidence. As for testimonial evidence, on the other hand, we need to be aware that documentary transcript has the material function to establish the facts of crime at issue, that's because records of the evidence and evidence per se are merged into one. Once documentary transcript has some defects, the legality of collecting evidence will be questioned, also credibility or relevance of the evidence itself will be influenced. A flaw of evidence may cause a remedy for it, different defects of documentary transcript will to different remedies. To realize its function of proof entirely and definitely, it will depend on some restrictions on its admissibility and its weight, also it's necessary to increase guaranteeing measures of due process in collecting evidence.

Key words: Documentary Transcript, Function of Proof, Legality, Credibility, Identity