摘要： 《合同法》第40条后段规定了格式条款效力审查标准。格式条款订约方式已成常态，其效力评价标准应当事先由立法者确定。这样的立法价值引导，体现在具体(任意法)规范中。对于是否“遵循公平原则确定当事人之间的权利和义务”的判断，重要标准在于格式条款和任意性规范以及其中内在的正义性实质的偏离程度。此外，注意到格式条款作为有名合同的补充的重要作用，在无任意法规范作参照的情况下，考量等值原则、风险控制因素、保险保障因素以及直接的第三人利益等因素，确定格式条款是否限制了依据合同本质所发生的重要权利或义务，致使合同目的不能达致，从而确定有悖“公平”而无效。

关键词: 格式条款, 效力审查, 公平原则, 任意法规范, 权利义务权衡

Abstract: The latter part of Article 40 of the Contract Law stipulates the criteria for examining the validity of standard terms.The way to conclude a contract using standard terms is common and widespread，and the evaluation criteria for its effectiveness should be determined by the legislator in advance，rather than judges.Such legislative value guidance is embodied in specific norms(dispositive rules).The important criterion for the judgment of whether“to follow the principle of fairness to determine the rights and obligations between the parties”lies in the extent to which the standard terms and the dispositive rules and the inherent justice are differed.In addition，the standard terms have an important role to supplement the format contract.In the absence of a dispositive rule，the evaluation criteria for its effectiveness are factors such as the principle of equal value，risk control factors，insurance protection factors，and direct third party benefits.These are important factors to determine whether the terms limit the important rights or obligations in accordance with the nature of the contract，so that the purpose of the contract cannot be achieved.In this case，the standard terms in question will than be found to be invalid.

Key words: Standard Terms, Effectiveness Review, Fairness Principle, Dispositive Rules, Balance of Rights and Obligations