摘要： 当前国内学界对以比例式赔偿作为医疗损害责任中适用机会丧失理论的唯一路径多持赞同态度。比较法上，是否允许以机会丧失理论在医疗过失与患者最终损害之间建立责任确立的因果关系，是比例式赔偿路径与其他法律模式的根本区别。比例式赔偿实质上是规避责任确立因果关系的工具，无法提供更为公平的结果，适用范围也难以界定。应当区分真正机会和不真正机会，只有具有不确定因素的真正机会才应获得保护，其权利基础为诊疗选择权，在内容上为患者因丧失获得较好诊疗结果的机会所致精神损害与纯粹经济利益损失。机会损害赔偿与知情同意赔偿相结合，可以更全面地保护患者自主权。

关键词: 机会丧失, 因果关系, 比例式赔偿, 诊疗选择权, 真正机会

Abstract: Present research is generally in favor of the introduction of proportional compensation model of loss of chance in medical malpractice liability.Comparative study shows that the fundamental difference between proportional compensation mode and other legal solutions is whether the causation requirement to establish liability is satisfied by the loss of chance theory.The nature of proportional compensation is the tool to evade the causal ment require.The right basis of indeterministic chance is patient's right of determination, including non-pecuniary damages and pure economic loss caused by the patient's loss of chance to better medical results, which is independent from the patient's ultimate damage.The patient's right to self-determination can be better protected by the loss of chance compensation along side with informed consent compensation.

Key words: Loss of Chance, Causation, Proportional Compensation, Right to Determination, Real Chance