摘要： 《立法法》历经两次修改之后,新规范类型的不断进入和规定调整范围的第2条的始终未变之间形成鲜明对比,由此引出了如何理解不同规范分布在《立法法》不同位置的问题,这一问题同《立法法》如何“规范立法活动”密切相关。《立法法》附则既划定了该法广义调整范围的边界,也划定了附则与正文的边界。在中国特色社会主义法治体系写入《立法法》的背景下,应当改从效力渊源的视角理解《立法法》中的“法”,进而更新附则与正文的边界。仅由《立法法》正文调整的规范,同第2条调整的规范之间具有“制度试验”与“制度范本”的对应关系。《立法法》第2条内部,形成了制度范本的阶层构造。从长远来看,应当通过优化《立法法》的调整结构,实现对各类立法活动的集中统一式规范。

关键词: 立法法, 调整范围, 分布结构, 调整逻辑, 制度试验

Abstract: After the Legislation Law has been revised twice, there is a sharp contrast between the continuous entry of new types of norms and the unchanged Article 2, which defines the scope of adjustment.This contrast raises the question of how to understand the distribution of different norms within the Legislation Law, a question closely related to how the Legislation Law ‘regulates legislative activities’.The supplementary provisions of the Legislation Law delineate both the boundaries of its broad scope of adjustment and the boundary between the supplementary provisions and the main text.Under the circumstance of the system of socialist rule of law with Chinese characteristics being written into the Legislation Law, the concept of ‘law’ within the Legislation Law should be reinterpreted from the perspective of the sources of validity, thereby redefining the boundary between the supplementary provisions and the main text.There is a corresponding relationship named ‘institutional experiments’ and ‘institutional models’ between the norms adjusted only by the main text of the Legislation Law and the norms adjusted in Article 2.Within Article 2 itself, a hierarchical structure of institutional models has been formed.In the long run, the optimization of the adjustment structure of the Legislation Law should aim to achieving a centralized and unified regulation of various legislative activities.

Key words: Legislation Law, Scope of Adjustment, Distribution Structure, Adjustment Logic, System Experiments