摘要： 罗马法上的债最初起源于犯罪，原始的誓约是债的起源的最典型的形式；罗马法上的债具有强制性和财产性。民法法系国家的侵权行为属于债的范畴，债具有财产性，债法为财产法。传统民法不严格区分债务与责任，根据现代法理学特别是我国法理学的发展，应将义务（债务）、责任与法裁区分开。德国民法上的请求权理论有科学性，也有局限性。我国应当借鉴和变革侵权行为之债的立法模式，借鉴和变革德国民法上的请求权理论，改变损害赔偿（恢复原状）过于宽泛的内涵，在《民法通则》规定的多种侵权责任形式的基础上，制定侵权责任法，为民法典侵权责任编奠定基础。民法典应以权利为本位，以法律关系为核心，构建科学的民事责任观念与民事责任法体系，构建更加科学的债的观念与债法体系。本文提出了“侵权责任法纲要与部分条文建议”。

关键词: 侵权行为, 债, 债务, 责任, 请求权

Abstract: Debt in Roman law derived from crime. Original pledge is the typical debt. Debt in Roman law is compulsory andwith the nature of property. In civil law system, tort falls under the category of debt, which is with the nature of proper-ty, and the law regulating which is property law. According to the traditional civil law, obligation and liability are notstrictly distinguished from each other. But with the development of modern jurisprudence, it is necessary to discriminateamong duty (obligation)，liability and legal sanction. There are advantages and disadvantages in the theory of right ofclaim “Anspruch” in German civil law. For China, the theory of right of claim and the legislation mode of tort from Ger-man should be borrowed and reformed，and the meaning of restitution should be narrowed as well．Tort law should be es-tablished on the foundation of the several forms of liability established in General Principles of the Civil Law. The CivilCode should base on the conception of right, serve the legal relationships at the core, and establish the scientific concep-tion of debt and civil liability system. In this thesis the author also proposes the suggestion for the legislation of Tort Law.

Key words: Tort, Debt, Obligation, Liability, Right of Claim