摘要： 刑事法制中的“中央与地方”问题，表现为与惩治犯罪相关的中央权力与地方权力的分配及其相互关系中出现的紊乱状态。一些地方司法机关根据本地区实际制定施行“准司法解释”、推出刑事司法制度创新等做法，在一定程度上构成了对统一刑事法制的“离心力”。合理分配刑事法制中的中央权力与地方权力，理顺二者关系并使之形成良性的运作机制，一方面要完善刑事立法权的行使并通过强化司法权的方式来强化中央权力，另一方面要将“脱序”的地方公权力行为重新纳入到统一法制中，并主要通过强化司法权的行使实现对地方权力的制约。

关键词: 中央与地方, 刑事法制, 权力分配, 准司法解释

Abstract: The “Central and Local” problems in the criminal justice system, show the condition of chaos in the process of the distribution and the relationship of central public power and local poblic power relating to the criminal penalty. The practice of local judicial organs sipulate so-called quasi-intepretation, recommend new criminal in-stitutions according to local condition, has formed a kind of centrifugal force to the uniform criminal justice to some extent. It is a big topic how to distribute the central and local powers within the criminal justice and make them function smoothly and efficiently. So, on the one hand, it should be to perfect the enforcement of the legis-lation of criminal law and strengthen the judicial power in order to make the central power more powerfully, onthe other hand, the disordered local public power should be brought back into the uniform criminal justice, and it should be to strengthen the judicial power to control the local power more powerfully and reasonably.

Key words: Central and Local, Criminal Justice, Distribution of Powers, Quasi-interpretation