摘要： 在传统民法中，责任能力制度主要适用于侵权法领域，是侵权责任承担的基础。但随着风险社会的来临以及侵权法救济功能的强化，该制度遭受到一定冲击，而基于责任能力进行过错判断的必要性也值得质疑。我国《侵权责任法》并未将责任能力设立为一般制度，只是在相关具体制度中有所涉及，并主要作为衡量过错和减轻责任的因素，在一定程度上对过错责任作用的发挥提供支持，从而更好地实现《侵权责任法》的救济功能。

关键词: 责任能力, 侵权责任法, 过错

Abstract: In the traditional civil law, the system of tortious capacity is mainly used in the field of tort law, and it isthe basis of the relief of the liability. However, as the coming of the risk society and the enhancement of thefunction of compensation, this system is facing with certain challenges and the necessity that the judgment of faultbased on the tortious capacity is also doubtable. China's Tort Liability Law does not make it as a general condi-tion, and it only covers relative regulations. It is mainly used as a standard to measure fault and relief liability,and in some sense supports the function of fault liability, which in general achieves the relief function of the Tortliability Law．

Key words: Tortious Capacity, China's Tort Liability Law, Fault