摘要：

选择要素错误是行为人认识到的事实与实现的事实分属于刑法分则同一条文中的不同选择要素的情形。以单一构成要件为对象建构的错误论难以合理解决选择要素错误的问题。具体符合说会产生处罚漏洞，法定符合说会扩大处罚范围，客观归责论的过滤功能不足，主观归责论存在恣意性。在处理选择要素错误的问题时，应先客观归责后主观归责，以实现对不法结果的总答责。客观归责是从事后根据相同法益将不法结果归责于行为的规范评价；主观归责是根据行为人的认识将不法结果归责于故意的判断。具有等价性的选择要素错误时，不影响主观归责的范围；不具有等价性的选择要素错误时，应在它们不法重合的范围内主观归责。

关键词: 选择要素错误, 故意认定, 客观归责, 主观归责, 不法重合

Abstract:

Selective elements error is the situation that what the perpetrator recognized and the achieved fact subordinate to the same specific provisions of criminal law，but in different selective elements.It is difficult to reasonably solve the problem of the selective elements error according to the erroneous theory of the construction of a single constituent element error.The theory of specific conformity will create loopholes in punishment.The theory of statutory conformation will expand the scope of punishment.The filter function of the objective imputation theory is limited.The subjective imputation theory exists ambiguity.When dealing with the problem of the selective elements error，in order to achieve total responsibilities for unlawful results，it should put objective imputation firstly，then subjective imputation.Objective imputation is the normative evaluation of the behavior of the unlawful result blamed on the act according to the same legal interest.Subjective imputation is based on the judgment of the perpetrator to judge the unlawful result to the deliberate scope.When selective elements error of equivalent relationship occurred，it does not affect the range of subjective imputation.When selective elements error of non-equivalent relationship occurred，the illegal results should be attributed to intentionality within the scope of illegal coincidence.

Key words: Selective Elements Error, Deliberate Confirmation, Objective Imputation, Subjective Imputation, Illegal Coincidence