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“印证”的治理

龙宗智,四川大学法学院教授。   

  • 出版日期:2022-03-15 发布日期:2022-03-18

The Governing of“Corroboration Model”

Long Zongzhi,Professor of Sichuan Universing Law School.   

  • Online:2022-03-15 Published:2022-03-18

摘要:

刑事印证证明模式的形成,直接原因是非直接和非言词的审理方式、审理与判定的分离等。近年来印证模式有所改善,但其本身并未受到明显抑制,甚至由法规范予以固化乃至在某些方面被强化。我国目前的整体主义治理逻辑,与印证模式的整体主义方法论有所契合并促成印证模式生存发展。政治与司法的整合、整体主义特征的司法体制和法院制度,以及此种特征的案件评查考核机制,支持了印证模式。印证治理具有必要性与可能性,应继续坚持司法责任制,充分尊重审理者的事实认定和裁判;推进“以审判为中心”的诉讼制度改革,确认庭审的效力和审判的权威;推动陪审员制度改革完善,让“经验法则”在重大、有争议案件的事实判断中发挥重要作用;改革案件评价机制,避免外部因素过度干扰内部判断。

关键词: 刑事证明, 印证, 治理方式, 整体主义

Abstract: The birth of corroboration mode of proof was due to the indirect and non-verbal trial mode and the separation between trial and judgment.In recent years,there has been some improvement in the corroboration mode of proof,but it has not been restrained effectively.On the contrary,it has been solidified and even strengthened by legal rules in some ways.The wholistic philosophy in our social administration agrees with and facilitates the existence and development of the corroboration mode.The integration of political and judicial systems,the wholistic judicial system and court system,and the wholistic case evaluation system,all support the corroboration mode of proof.Governing of corroboration model is both necessary and possible.To do this,we shall stick to the accountability system,fully respect the trial judges' right of fact-finding and decision-making,promote the trial-centered reform so as to establish the authority of court trial,promote the reform of our juror system in order to allow empirical rules to play a major role in the trial of big and controversial cases,and reform our case evaluation system to prevent outside factors from interfering with the court's judgment.

Key words: Criminal Proof, Corroboration, Governing, Wholism