摘要： 印证证明模式注重证据的客观性,强调直接证据间的客观印证,能够应对传统犯罪的治理需求,但在网络犯罪治理方面则功能有限。在新型网络环境下,刑事案件存在取证难、分析难、认定难等困境,这就导致以印证为中心的证据体系难以构建。实务部门出台多部司法解释及规范性文件,尝试通过构建综合认定模式来解决这些问题。综合认定模式是指运用多元化方法,要求全面审查证据,采用综合性视角,秉持慎重态度的新型证明模式,其与印证证明模式在证据范围、推理依据、推理视角及自由心证程度等方面存在区别,但与印证证明模式适用相同的证据规则、证明标准及诉讼程序。在既有制度背景下,综合认定模式存在证明理念不清、指引方法不明、规则束缚较多、程序保障不足等问题。综合认定模式预示着我国证明模式的变革方向,未来我们应从理念、方法、规则、程序等方面,对网络犯罪中的综合认定模式及其制度基础进行优化,并适时加以推广。

关键词: 网络犯罪, 综合认定, 印证证明模式, 经验法则, 故事方法

Abstract: Corroboration mode of proof, which attaches importance to the objectivity of evidence and emphasizes the objective corroboration between direct evidence, can meet the governance needs of traditional crime.However, it plays limited function in the governance of cybercrime.Concretely, in the new network environment, owing to many difficulties in obtaining evidence, analyzing case and identifying fact, it is tough to construct the evidence system centered on corroboration.Practical departments have issued several judicial interpretations and normative documents so far to make effort to build a comprehensive identification mode to solve difficulties mentioned above.The comprehensive identification mode refers to a new proof mode which adopts diversified methods, requires comprehensive examination of evidence, adopts a comprehensive perspective and takes a prudent attitude.Compared with corroboration mode of proof, although it is different in the scope of evidence, reasoning basis, reasoning angle and free evaluation degree and so forth, it applies the same rules of evidence, standard of proof and procedure.Under the background of the existing system, as for comprehensive identification mode, there still exists some problems in practice such as unclear proof concept, unclear guidance method, constrained by more rules, insufficient procedure guarantee, etc..Taking the comprehensive identification mode as the transformation direction of proof mode in our country, we should optimize and promote comprehensive identification mode and its system foundation in time from the aspects of concept, method, rule and procedure, etc..

Key words: Cybercrime, Comprehensive Identification, Corroboration Mode of Proof, Empirical Rules, Story Method