摘要： 数据产权登记是权利人将数据权利状况予以记载,并通过登记系统对外公示的行为,是数据要素市场建设中的关键环节。尽管数据内容具有实时变动性,但数据权利状况具有特定性,数据财产权具有登记能力。当前的数据登记多以信息发布和交易匹配为主要目的,难以发挥降低权利识别成本和辅助流通监管等功能。数据登记制度的建设应当转而聚焦对数据权利状况进行实质性审查的数据产权登记,并根据登记阶段的差异区分为首次登记和流转登记。首次登记发挥权利推定效力,流转登记发挥对抗效力。登记并非数据财产权取得与变动的生效要件,宜以登记对抗为原则,这有助于节省排他性交易中当事人的权利公示成本和第三人的权利核验成本。

关键词: 数据登记, 数据确权, 登记生效, 登记对抗, 交易成本

Abstract: Data registration is the act by which data rights holder records and disclose the data property rights status.It is a key section in the construction of the data market.Although the data content changes, the data property rights can be specifically stated, which has the ability to be registered.Most of current registration is to match supply and demand, which cannot play a role in reducing the rights identification cost and assisting circulation supervision.The construction of data property rights registration system shall instead focus on rights registration based on the substantive review, and be divided into initial registration and transferring registration.Initial registration has the effect of presumption of rights and the transferring registration exerts the effect of rights publicity and credibility.Although registration is not a requirement for the acquisition and alternation of data property rights, it should be given a countervailing effect through legislation.It can reduce the publicizing cost in exclusive transactions and the verifying cost of third parties.

Key words: Data Property Registration, Distribution of Data Rights, Effective upon Registration, Not Effective against a bona-fide Party without Registration, Transaction Costs