摘要： 比较中国古代法与现代民法中的债和契约制度，两者之间既有相同和相似的一面，又有着比较大的差异。论文在辨析中国古代法与现代民法债和契约的关系的基础上，进一步分析了他们在具体制度方面的相同和不同之处。

关键词: 债和契约 , 中国古代法 , 现代民法 , 比较

Abstract: There are not only the same but also the great difference on the debt and contract system between Chinese ancient law and modem civil law．After distinguishing the relation of debt and contract，the author analyses the same and differences in detail between Chinese ancient law and modem civil law．

Key words: debt, contract, Chinese ancient law, modem civil law, comparison