摘要： 当前司法改革研究的主题主要是司法制度和诉讼程序，理论资源主要局限于法学领域特别是诉讼法领域，没有全面揭示司法改革改什么(客体)、如何改(路径)的问题。一定程度上导致改革实践中，对司法机关人财物管理、司法人员待遇保障等司法管理体制或司法行政事务管理问题没有给予足够重视，带来激励机制缺位、改革内生动力匮乏、外在支撑疲软，以及地方的积极性没有得到充分发挥等问题。实际上，司法改革的客体除司法职权(司法制度、诉讼程序问题)外，还包括司法事权(司法管理体制、司法行政事务管理问题)，两者不能混为一谈。在改革路径上，在坚持对司法职权进行顶层设计的同时，应当鼓励对司法事权改革的地方竞争，这有利于加快解决制约司法能力发挥的保障不足的问题，提升改革成效。

关键词: 司法改革, 改革客体, 改革路径, 司法职权, 司法事权

Abstract: The main researches of judicial reform today are judicial system and judicial proceedings, which is almost wholly confined to realm of jurisprudence, especially procedural law, and the issues of what and how to reform have not been yet discussed. Thus the judicial administrative management, such as the management of human, financial, material resources and personnel treatment has been ignored to some extent throughout the judicial reformation, which brings about lack of incentive structure, deficient ontogenetic impetus, weak external support and inadequate local initiative. In fact, not only the judicial functions(judicial system and judicial proceedings)but also the management power(judicial administrative management)is the object of judicial reformation, and they should not be confused as one. In order to give full play to judicial power, the judicial functions and management power are supposed to develop at the same time, which will keep judicial reformation towards the right path.

Key words: Judicial Reform, Object of Reform, Routes of Reform, Judicial Functions, Management Power