摘要： 对刑事证据能力的研究应从我国的立法和实践出发，从实然存在的证据能力规则中提炼证据能力理论。从作用机制上来看，刑事证据能力是指“作为认定事实依据的资格”，不具有证据能力的证据不得作为定案的根据。刑事证据能力的要件为：关联性、未因取证手段违法而被排除、未因无法保障真实性而被排除。在现行诉讼制度下，证据能力规则难以将应排除的证据彻底阻隔在事实认定过程之外，只能通过多种措施并举，以促进其实效。

关键词: 证据能力, 排除, 要件

Abstract: China’s evidence competence means that evidences without competence can’t be the proof of verdict. Theessentials of evidence competence are relevance，legality of means of collecting evidence and conditions toensure the reliability of evidences. Under the current procedural system，evidence competence rules can’tplay a role in insulating unqualified evidences from inner conviction forming process，therefore some othermeasures should be taken to promote the effectiveness of rules. The concept of relevance should be clear enough to make it effective in excluding irrelevant evidences. The regulations on legality of means of collectingevidence must be improved to enhance it’s effectiveness. The rules of ensuring reliability should be more flexible and the conditions to endanger reliability should be listed more completely.

Key words: Evidence Competence, Exclusion, Elements