摘要： 除了强奸案件一对一言词证据带来的证明问题之外,醉酒类强奸案件还面临着特殊的司法认定困难,突出表现为被害人醉酒是否达到“不能反抗”的程度缺乏细化的审查标准,行为人违背妇女意愿的主观故意不易证明。我国刑事诉讼所追求的“绝对确定”真实观,导致了司法实践中部分办案人员拔高了这类案件的司法认定标准。对此,基本的解决思路是破除该真实观的束缚,在刑事诉讼中以寻求高度盖然性的真实作为证明目标。据此,应确立醉酒类强奸案件的两阶段审查结构,即首先审查醉酒被害人的同意能力,将“表达能力实质性降低”作为被害人缺乏同意能力的审查标准;对醉酒被害人具有同意能力的情形,还应进一步审查性行为是否违背了妇女意志。应该注意运用特殊经验法则审查醉酒被害人是否同意的内心意愿,并采取以犯罪嫌疑人行为为中心的审查方法认定其犯罪的主观故意。

关键词: 强奸, 证明, 同意能力, 诉讼真实观

Abstract: In addition to the difficulties of proof caused by he says/she says problem in rape cases, the handling of rape cases with intoxicated victims has special problems caused by the victim's intoxication.There is no detailed standard to evaluate whether the victim's intoxication reaches the level of “incapacity to resist” in existing laws, and the mens rea of the perpetrator is difficult to prove.The pursuit of truth of “absolute certainty” in China's criminal procedure law has led officials in judicial practice to raise the standard of such cases.In this regard, the basic solution is to break the shackles of the “absolute certainty” view of truth, and to seek a highly probability of truth as the goal of proof in criminal proceedings.A two-stage review structure for rape cases with intoxicated victims should be established.The ability of drunken victims to consent should be examined in the first stage, and “substantial impairment in the victim's capacity to communicate” should be used as a criterion for the review of victims incapacity to consent.In cases where the victim retains the capacity to consent, further inquiry should be made as to whether the sexual act is against the woman's will.Special rules of thumb revealed by the established social science researches should be applied to determine the victim's subjective willingness to consent.It is also suggested to adopt an offender-centric approach to determine the perpetrator's subjective intention.

Key words: Rape, Proof, Capacity to Consent, Truth in Criminal Procedure