摘要： 《中华人民共和国人民调解法》（以下简称《人民调解法》）的颁行是我国当前社会治理的需要，将开启我国多元化纠纷解决机制建构的新起点。其立法过程中不仅涉及了诸多利益的博弈，还贯穿着许多重要的理念冲突。立法机关在司法化与民间化、群众性与职业化、统一与多元、灵活适宜与规范程序、垄断与开放等不同选项之间，较充分地听取了各界的意见，经过集思广益，在草案的基础上作出了相对合理的抉择，使这部立法具有了务实、开放等特点和一定的前瞻性。当然，作为一部法律，《人民调解法》并不能解决所有急需解决的问题，在其实施中仍存在一些不确定因素，而法学界也必将提出各种意见。本文在探讨这一立法过程及其主要成就的同时，对其发展前景和问题进行了分析。

关键词: 人民调解, 立法, 多元化纠纷解决机制, 民间性

Abstract: Drawing up the “People's Mediation Law" is the need for social governance of current China; this law willcreate the new starting point of the diversified dispute resolution mechanism. The legislative process involves notonly many different interests, but also many important conflicts of concepts. The legislature has to make choicebetween the judiciary or civil organization, mass or professionalism, unity or diversity, flexible fit procedure orstandard procedure, monopoly or opening up, etc, and a relatively reasonable choice on the basis of the draft hasbeen made. However, as a relatively extensive or simple statute, “The People s Mediation Law'’ can not solve allthe urgent problems, and in its implementation, many uncertainties still can't be avoided, and the legal expertswill also put forward various objections on it. This article examines the legislative process and its main achieve-ments, analyze the prospects and problems in their development.

Key words: The People Mediation, Legislation, Diversified Dispute Resolution Mechanism, Civil Organiza-tion