摘要： 为公民基本权利提供保护，是现代国家合法性的重要来源。普通法院在基本权利保护中发挥着重要作用。德国虽然设立了宪法法院，但保护公民基本权利的职责仍主要由其他法院承担。在没有设立宪法法院的国家，通过普通法院更是为基本权利提供司法保护的唯一途径。我国法院应当通过三种方式为基本权利提供司法保护：如果法律有保护基本权利的具体规定，法院应当直接适用法律；如果法律对基本权利的保护只作了抽象规定，法院应当对有关抽象立法进行合宪解释之后予以适用；如果法律没有作出保护基本权利的任何规定，法院可以直接适用宪法的基本权利条款。

关键词: 基本权利, 宪法法院, 普通法院, 司法保护

Abstract: The legitimacy of modem states depends to a great extent on the protection of citizens’ rights, especially basic rights. The Judiciary plays an important role thereby. In countries where a constitutional court and other courts coexist，the constitutional court is not the only institution that protects basic rights. Instead, common courts protect basic rights before the constitutional court is involved. In countries without a constitutional court, the judicial protection of basic rights is completely implemented by common courts in the following three ways : through the application of concrete legislation; through application of abstract legislation interpreted in line with the constitution; and through the direct application of basic rights when there is neither concrete nor abstract legislation protecting basic rights.

Key words: Constitutional Court, Common Courts, Judicial Protection