摘要： 自现代知识产权法诞生以来，基于强化和拓展知识产权保护以涵盖各种未保护的知识创作物的理论观念，知识创作物未保护领域的界线就不断遭到突破。但这种理论观念的主要问题在于它们脱离了人类行为的实际模式。任何合理的知识产权法和政策必须注重人类行为的具体模式—即调整人类活动的连接点，因而法律和政策没有必要调整所有知识创作物的利用行为，知识产权只能限制某些人类行为。为了避免可能的缺陷，知识产权法的制定者既应当考虑影响知识产权法制定的实际因素，比如制定过程中经常出现的利益不均衡现象，也应当考虑其应用和实际的效果。

关键词: 知识产权, 知识创作物, 利益不均衡

Abstract: Since the advent of modem intellectual property laws, the boundaries of an “area without protection of intel-lectual works” have been again and again challenged in order to strengthen and extend intellectual property pro-tection to cover various forms of previously “unprotected” intellectual works. The claims made in intellectualproperty scholarship as well as law making to support such extension of intellectual property protection are oftenbased on several theoretical concepts of intellectual works (“intangibles”)．Depending on respective theoreticalunderpinnings, the lack of protecting such intellectual works by intellectual property laws is deemed to be unfairor inefficient. This paper points out that the main problem of these theoretical concepts is that they significantlydepart from actual patterns of human behavior. As a solution, it is argued that any sound intellectual property lawand policy must focus on concrete aspects of human behavior patterns-so-called "connecting points' for regulat-ing human activities. There is thus no need to regulate all possible exploitations of intellectual works ．The intel-lectual property rights should restrict only certain human conduct. However, the rule-makers have some room inconceptualizing the respective connecting points for regulating individual human activities. To avoid possibleshortcomings，it is advocated here that the rule-makers should take into account actual factors affecting intellectu-al property law making, as well as its application and enforcement, such as various minontarian biases that oftenoccur in these processes.

Key words: Intellectual Property Rights, Intellectual Works, Minoritarian Biases